Less famous than Bali, Lombok the neighbor island directly to the east and is part of the Lesser Sundas. The indigenous Sasak people are predominantly Muslim after experiencing a long period of Hindu and Buddhist influence. However, as in most of the tribal cultures of Indonesia, ancient traditional ritualistic practices endure and shaman are still highly respected. They are regularly sought out as powerful healers and practitioners of magic to ward off evil and illness as well as to manage many other individual and community issues.
Shaman Healing Fetish Wand, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th c, Wood, cotton cloth, metal coins
This is held in the shaman’s hand to contact the spirits for healing rituals. 35” x 13 ½” x 7 ½”, $2400. (see detail of feet in image below)
detail of previous image – feet under the skirtMagic Ghost Figures, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood. 8 ½” x 5 ¾” x 5 ½”, $790 (sold as pair)Shaman Talisman Wand, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c. Wood, horn, cotton cord
Held in shaman’s hand, used in healing rituals, hung on the wall in shaman’s house when not in use. 10 ½” x 12” x 11”, SOLD
Shaman Sacred Water and Herb Scoop, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood, bamboo
Used for scooping holy water and medicinal herbs for healing rituals. Dimensions left to right: (left – 9 ¼” x 6 ¼” x 4 ½”, $160.); (rear middle – 9 ¼” x 9 ½” x 3 ½”, $160.); (front middle – 6 ¼” 7 ¾” x 2 ½”, $120.); (rear right – 12 ¼” x 9 ¼” x 3 ½”, $280.); (right front – 11 ½” x 10” x 3 ½”, $160.)
Shaman Protection Figure, Indonesia, Lombok Island, Early 20th c, Wood, cloth, coins, beads
Protects shaman and client from harmful spirits during rituals, 20” x 7 ½” x 3 ½”, $1100. SOLD
Healing Fetish Wand, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood, fiber
Held in shaman’s hand during ritual for healing calling the spirits, 15 ½” x 3 ½” 4”, $420.
Holy Water Containers, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood, ceramic, fiber, pigment
Shaman jar for holy water for purification rituals. Dimensions: (left – 6” x 3 ¼” x 3 ¼”, SOLD); (right – 6 ¼” x 3 ¼” x 3 ¼”, SOLD)
Shaman Healing Fetish Rattles, Lombok, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early to mid 20th c, Wood pigmented with soot, metal blade, cloth fiber
Used for healing rituals – Shaken to fend off harmful spirits. Dimensions: (left – 12” x 5 ½” x 4”, SOLD); (right – 14” x 7” x 6”, SOLD)
expanded view of shell fetish rattles shown in previous imageShaman Fetish Hanging Charm, Lombok or Nusa Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood, glass, nails, metal, plant fiber, cotton cord
Used for healing rituals, 12” x 14” x 9 ½”
Shaman Magic Figure, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood, paint
Used for calling spirits and for healing rituals. 16” x 6” x 4”, $360.
Shaman Healing Fetish Rattle, Lombok Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid to late 20th c, Wood pigmented with soot, bone, cloth, seed pod and shells
Used in healing rituals. 12” x 12” x 12”, $1300.
‘Palalintangnan’ – Kamasan Astrological Calendar Bali, Indonesia, Kamasan village, Early 20th c, Cotton cloth, printed and painted
Represents gods, goddesses, attendants, animals, and inscriptions which are used for fortune telling. 45” x 51”, $750.
‘Lupong Manang’ – Shaman’s Medicine Carrier/Backpack with Healing Figures (rare), South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Toraja tribe, Mid 20th c, Wood
Shaman made their own medicine kits, including wooden backpacks, to contain items for healing, protections and predictions – such as special teeth, stones and other items. The figures on the exterior correspond to illnesses and other conditions or ailments. 19” x 9 ½” x 10”, $2200.
Shaman’s Medicine Box, Sulawesi, Indonesia, Toraja tribe, Early 20th c, Wood
Container for medicinal, herbs for healing. 14 ¼” x 9 ¼” x 8”, $290.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA:
Sacred Flute with Wusear Effigy Stopper, East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Biwat people, Early 20th c, Flute body – Bamboo, raffia. Effigy Figure – Carved in wood, this figure is particularly elaborate – shell eyes, feather eyelashes, woven clothing and shell and feather adornments with tar and string
Played in pairs for the initiation ceremony for boys. The flute had the power to be voices of the spirits. The anthropomorphic figures or Wusear are specific to these flutes and were inserted into the top when not in use to prevent evil spirits from entering the sacred instruments. They were kept in the homes of the shaman and it was taboo for women and children to see them. 55” x 9 ½” x 8”, $9500. SOLD
Shaman Shell Necklace, Papua New Guinea (Irian Jaya), Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Shell, cloth, fiber cord
Worn by the shaman for healing ceremonies. 19” x 15” x 3 ½” $850.
Shaman Magic Figure, Papúa New Guinea, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood
Used in ritual ceremonies to stop rain. 11 ½” x 1 ½” x 1 ¼”, $135.
Shaman Talisman Figure, Papúa New Guinea, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood (figure on right)
Used in ritual ceremonies to stop rain. (Figure on right – 12 ½” x 2” x 2 ½”, SOLD)
Shaman Healing Stones Necklace, Papua, New Guinea (Irian Jaya), Indonesia, Early to mid 20th c, Stone, Shells, cloth fiber cord
Used in healing ceremonies. 18” x 5” x 1”, $550.
Shaman Healing Stone Necklaces, Papua, New Guinea (Irian Jaya), Indonesia, Early to mid 20th c, Stone, Shells, cloth fiber cord
Used in healing ceremonies. Dimensions: 16″ to 20″ long, $110. each
Timor, like Flores is more mountainous than the rolling hills of Sumba, but the shamanic culture is much the same. Both islands are now predominantly christian, although, like most of the cultures throughout the Lesser Sunda Islands, they have integrated the newer belief systems with their ancient roots in Animism. (for several neighboring Lesser Sunda Islands see the following post)
‘Katoda’ – God Effigy, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Stone
Shaman would pray to a Katoda to predict natural disasters. 19” x 5 ½” x 6 ½”, $1600.
Shaman’s Ritual Figure, Timor Island, Sunda Island, Indonesia, Niki Niki village Early 20th c, Wood, fiber cord, shell
Used by shaman to treat people as well as for other traditional rituals. 21” x 7 ½” x 6 ½”, $1400. SOLD
‘Seer’ or Divining Talisman/Fetish, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th c, Stone, pigment, European Glass seed beads
The inlaid ‘white heart’ beads were particularly desirable. Used in healing ceremonies to ‘See’ – or locate, lost items and to determine the appropriate day and time for performing each ceremony. 6” x 2 ½” x 5”, $550. (see companion ‘seer’ in image below)
Divining Amulet/Fetish, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th c, Stone, pigment, European Glass seed beads, 5 ¼” x 1 ¾” x 2 ¼”, $400.Ancestral Offering Statue, Indonesia, Timor Island, Boti village, Mid 20th century, Wood
This totem-like carving of many ancestor effigies is used by shamans in contacting spirits and healing rituals. 11 ½” x 4” x 3 ½”, SOLD
Ancestral Offering Figures, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Anakalang tribe, Early to mid 20th c, Wood
Used by shaman for healing rituals. (left, male fig – 8 ½” x 5” x 3 ½”); (right female fig -9” x 4 ¾” x 4”), $875. (sold as pair)
Magic (Female) Effigy, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Niki Niki village, Early 20th c, Wood
Used for healing treatments. 10 ¾” x 8 ½” x 10”, $285.
Healing Figures, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid to late 19th c. Stone
Used in healing rituals. (left – late 19th c, 3 ¾” x 2 ¾” x 3 ¼”, SOLD); (right – mid 19th c, 3 ¾” x 2 ¾” x 3 ¼”, SOLD)
Shaman Healing Amulet/Talismans, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood
Used in healing rituals, (left – 3 ½” x 1 ½” x 4”, $80.); (right – 3 ¾” x 1 ¾” x 3 ½”, $100.)
Shaman Healing Amulet/Talismans, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood
Used in healing rituals, (left – 4 ¼” x 1” x 3 ½”, $65.); (right – 3 ¼” x 1 ¼” x 4”, $80.)
Shaman Healing Amulets, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood
Used in healing rituals. Dimensions left to right: (left – 3 1 /2” x 1 ¼” x 1 ½”, $70.); (left middle -2 ¾” x 1” x 1″, SOLD); (right middle – ~3 x 2); (right – 2 ½” x 1” x 1″, SOLD)
Shaman Medicine Mortar (rare), Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood
Preparing medicines using a pestle to grind, 10 ¾” x 4” x 4 ½”, $425.
Shaman Healing Medicine Container Necklace, Alor Island, Timor Islands, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood, beads, shell (Telescopium telescopium, or Horn snail spire)
Used to hold medicine for healing rituals, 4 ½” x 1 ½” x 1 ¼”, $390.
Medicine Woman Effigy with Child (rare), Alor Island, Flores Islands, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid to late 20th c, Wood
Used for healing rituals, 10 ½” x 3 ½” x 2 ½”, SOLD
Shaman Figure (rare), Atauro Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c. Wood, cloth
Used to protect people from harmful spirits during rituals. Faded and patinated with use and age, original red color of cloth still visible. Dimensions: (left – 22 ½” 5 ½’ x 7 ½”, $1200.); (right – 25 ¼’ x 4 ¼” x 6 ½”, $1200.)
Shaman Amulet Necklace, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Ceramic stone figures and beads, shell, cotton
Worn by the shaman for healing ceremonies. 21” x 11” x 1 ¾”, $650.
Shaman Amulet Necklace, Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Ceramic stone figures and beads, shell, cotton
Worn by the shaman for healing ceremonies. 20 ½” x 11” x 1 ¾”, $650.
Shaman Healing Fetish, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood, fiber, metal nail
Kept in the shaman’s home. Covered in tiny holes from being pierced by its attached nail during rituals. Found in the ocean. 30” x 12” x 8”, SOLD
Shaman Talisman Figure, Wetar Island, Timor Islands, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th c, Wood, pigment, glass bead eyes
Used for healing rituals. 12 ½” x 4” x 4”, $430. SOLD
Shaman Healing Amulet/Talisman, Moluccas Islands, Lesser Sundas, Indonesia, Letti Village, Early 20th c, Wood
Flores, and Timor, are more mountainous than the rolling hills of Sumba, but the shamanic culture is much the same. Both islands are now predominantly christian, although, like most of the cultures throughout the Lesser Sunda Islands, they have integrated the newer belief systems with their ancient roots in Animism. (see Timor and several neighboring Lesser Sunda Islands in the following posts)
Volcano God Effigy (exceptionally rare), Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Manga Lewa Village, Mid 18th c, Stone, cloth
Used by shaman for predicting volcanic eruptions. Passed down through four generations. 15” x 5 ½ x 5 ¾”, SOLD
Shaman Healing Figures, Male, Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Mid 20th c. Wood
One of the pair held in each hand during a ceremonial dance for healing a marriage. (female – 8” x 7 ¾” x 1”); (male – 8” x 8” x 1 ½”), $590. sold as pair
Magic Protection Figures, East Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood, bamboo, thread
Kept in household kitchen to protect the home. Dimensions: 10″ to 17″ tall; $135. to $225. (far left and far right SOLD)
Magic Talisman Figure, Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Bajawa village, Mid 20th c, Wood
Used for healing rituals. 15 ½” x 6 ½” x 4”, $320.
‘Caci’, Ritual Fighting Whip, Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Manggarai tribe, Early 20th c, Wood, rattan, bark
‘Caci’ is a powerful magic whip-fighting ritual performed during a harvest festival with complex ritual preparations. It is played by 2 men, usually from different villages. The Whip symbolizes the male phallus, the father and the sky. The shield used with it symbolizes the female, the womb and the earth. These elements are united when the whip hits the shield symbolizing life giving sexual unity. It is a playful event but any blood shed is considered an offering to the ancestors who will then ensure fertility of the land. 14” x 10” x 2 ½”, $520.
Effigy Figure, Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th to early 20th c, Aggregate Stone
Used by shaman for healing and divination, 11” x 8” x 6”, sold
Shaman’s Effigy Figure, West Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Bena village, Early to mid 10th c, Stone
Used by shaman for healing and divination. 11 ½” x 7 ½” x 5 ½”, Sold
Shaman Figure, Central Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia Island, Japu village, Early 20th c, Stone, cloth strap
For protecting the clan house and for divination, 11” x 3 ½” x 5 ½”, $800.
Nitta Watu (rare), Kitchen Protector Figure – Shaman Power Object, West Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Maumere district, Nita or Bena Village, Early to mid 19th c, Stone, pigment, cloth strap for hanging
Used to protect a house or home. 14” x 5 ½” x 6”, $1700.
Magic House Protector, West Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early to mid 19th c, stone
Magic House Protector, West Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early to mid 19th c, stone, cloth strap, 19” x 5 ¾” x 4 ¼”, $1800.
group photo (above) of the 3 previous house protectors figuresNita Ina, Magic Figure, Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Maumere district, Nita Village, Late 19th to early 20th c, Tree bark, cloth, shell
Used for either ‘white’ or ‘black’ ritual magic (dark energy does not inhabit the figure itself) (male figure – 26 ½” x 14 ½” x 6 ½”,$1900.), (female figure – 23” x 10” x 5”, $1400.)
Sumba Island is part of the ‘The Lesser Sunda Islands’ – the long sweeping chain of islands south of Bali that make up the southern part of Indonesia. In the following posts we include items from Sumba, Flores, Timor, Lombok and a few others. There are many similarities in belief systems throughout the Lesser Sundas but the material culture is unique to each island.
Although the people of Sumba are now mostly of Christian or Muslim faith, their ancient Animistic belief system remain a powerful influence in daily life. This is reflected in the art and tools of shaman priests. Shaman are still a fundamental part of society, presiding over new building construction, births, deaths, marriages, mock wars and other cultural rituals and celebrations. Their blessings and protection rituals are essential to the well being of the community and the individual’s physical and spiritual health.
The tribal, hilltop villages which which consist of twelve to twenty to twenty stilt houses, are much the same as they were hundreds of years ago, as are most of the practices of everyday life. Sumba was one of the last islands to come under the control of the Indonesian government in the early 1970s, leaving the old culture mostly intact to this day.
Shaman Charms, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Lamboya village, Early 20th c, Wood
Healing charms used in rituals. The shaman figures and their container have become smooth with a darkened patina from use and age. 3 ½” x 2” x 2” (container); 1 ¼” x ¾’ x ½” (each figure), $375. SOLD
Shaman Effigy, Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th c, Stone, pigment, cloth
Used for healing and to protect shaman from ghost spirits, 6 ½” x 5 ½” x 5”, $725. (see image below of both the above shaman figures together)
additional view of Shaman Effigy and Shaman CharmsShaman Drum, Sumba Island, Indonesia, Early to mid 20th c, Animal skin stretched over wood
Used by shaman to initiate and maintain a trance state during rituals, 17 ½” x 10 ½’ x 10”, SOLD
Hunting Spirit Guide, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Kodi village. Early to mid 20th c. Wood
Spirit guide figure to pray to before hunting or fishing. This piece has a nice patina from age and use. 7” x 6 ½” x 16”, SOLD
Shaman Figure with Alligator, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Kodi tribe, Mid to late 19th c, Wood
Used for protection rituals. 19 ¾” x 4 ¼” x 4”, $750.
Magic Amulet/Talisman Figure, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Anakalang village, Mid 20th c, Wood
Magic amulet used for healing rituals. SOLD
Shaman Magic Amulet Male Figure, West Sumba, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Anakalang village, Early 20th c, Wood.
Used for healing rituals. 7 ¾” x 2 ½” x 5 ¼”, $180. SOLD
Magic Figure, Woman with Child, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Late 19th c, Stone
Used to heal and protect woman and child. 5 ½” 7” x 3 ¼”, $230. SOLD
Hanging Effigy and Herb Bowl – set, East Sumba Island, Indonesia, Soru village, Early 20th c, Wood
The effigy hanger gives great healing power to the herbs placed in the coconut bowl suspended below it. The bowl has three bird figure and three carved faces with an amulet head hanging below it. 30” x 6” x 6”, $1200.
Shaman Healing Couple Effigy, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Anakalang village, Early to mid 20th c, Wood, fiber cloth
Used in healing rituals and to fix marriages. Dimensions: (left, male: 5 ¼” x 3 ¼” x 2”); (right, female: 5” x 3” x 2”), $420. sold as a pair
Healing Amulet/Talisman, Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 19th c, Stone
Patinated with use and age, this figure was used in healing rituals. 6 ½” x 2 ½” x 2 ½”, $370.
Shaman Healing Amulet/Talisman – Cow, Octopus, Monkey, Bird, West Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Early 20th c, Wood
This is an unusual piece. It is multi-sided and combines several different animals which become recognizable as you turn the piece. This view show a monkey. Its feet are duck-like bird heads. If you flip the piece over, it persents as the head of a cow and of an octopus depending on the angle you view it. Used in healing rituals, 10” x 16” x 13”, $600. (see image below for another angle showing the cow/octopus)
Alternate view of previous image – Shaman Healing Amulet/Talisman – Cow, Octopus, Monkey, BirdFemale Shaman Effigy, Sumba Island, 17th century, Stone
For healing related to childbirth, 5” x 3 ¾” x 4”, SOLD
Shaman Magic Medicine Bottle Stopper, East Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 19th c, Wood
Talisman figure with child, used empower the healing medicine in the bottle. 3” x 1 ¼” x 1 ¼”, $80. SOLD
Shaman Staff, Sumba, Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Mid 20th c, Wood
Used in healing rituals. 35 ½ x 2 ¼” x 1 ½”, $700.
Effigy Mask Trap, East Sumba, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, Tana Mabanas village, Late 19th to early 20th c, Coconut, wood, pigment
Hangs in shaman’s house. Gathers and traps black magic. The shaman will then perform a ritual to disperse them and to keep them from returning. 9 ½” x 8” x 10 ¾”, $700. (see below image for side view) SOLD
The Mentawai tribes remain one of the most isolated populations on the planet. Some still live a neolithic, hunter-gather lifestyle in the rain-forest and do not use a written language. Shaman, or sikerei, are intrinsic to daily life and considered leaders, although they are an egalitarian society. The classic Hindu, Buddhist and Muslim themes common to most of Indonesia are not part of the Mentawai belief system which is wholly based in nature. In their philosophy, objects are not things to be used, but rather things that can allow themselves to be used – as all things, including air and water, have spirits. This is reflected in their deeply symbolic decoration of objects as well as their characteristic body art. They adorn themselves with intricate spirit tattoos for protection, and practice tooth chiseling, to enhance physical and spiritual beauty. They believe they must keep their bodies beautiful so their spirits will be happy and not be tempted to leave. Their art is some of the most evocative and appealing of all the Indonesian cultures.
Spirit Bird Boat Box, Mentawai Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe, Early 20th c, Wood
Used by shaman to store powerful ritual and magic items associated with trance journeys and ceremonies. Kept in the shaman’s house. Boats are a common theme within this island culture. 7 ¾” x 30” x 7 ½”, $1100.
‘Salipa’, Medicine Boat Box, Mentawai Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe, Early 20th c, Wood with reed stitching and strap
Used by shaman to store implements to be used when called upon to convene with spirit world. 8” x 26” x 5 ¾”, $1100.
God Effigy (rare), Mentawai Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe, 19th c, Wood
Used as a symbol to pray to. 15 ½” x 3 ½” x 6”, $1600.
Shaman Kit Contents, Mentawai,Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe Early to mid 20th c, Case: sago palm leaf box, braided rattan. Raffia wand handle and headband, feathers, European glass trade beads, cotton trade cloth, wood, bronze bell
Contents: costume (loincloth, jewelry, head gear) and wands. All items have a specific purpose – example: the beaded headband acts like antenna attracting spirits the shaman needs to contact, 5” x 8 ½” x 23 ½”, $3600. (See closed box in image below)
Shaman Kit Box, Mentawai Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe. Early to mid 20th c, Case: sago palm leaf box, braided rattanShaman Kit Box Contents, Mentawai Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe Early to mid 20th c, Case: sago palm leaf box, braided rattan, Raffia wand handle and headband, feathers, European glass trade beads, cotton trade cloth, wood, bronze bell
Contents: costume (loincloth, jewelry, head gear) and wands. All items have a specific purpose – example: the beaded headband acts like antenna attracting spirits the shaman needs to contact. 5 ½” x 7 ½” x 30 ½”, $3600.
Shaman’s Wands, Mentawai Islands, Sumatra, Indonesia, Mentawai tribe, Mid 20th c. Wood
Ritual zoomorphic amulets used in healing rituals. Dimesnisons: Left and Middle (right is Batak) (left, pigmented with soot – 2” x 7 ¾” x ¾”, $95); (middle – 2” x 7 ½” x 1”, $110.) (see detail in image below)
Shaman’s Wand (detail from previous image)‘Jaraik’ Fetish Panel, Indonesia, Sumatra, Mentawai, Early to mid 20th c, Wood, macaque skulls, rattan
Usually found on the inner entrance of house. Made at the time the house is built and is protection for the inhabitants. A ritual hunt for a male bokkoi (macaque) monkey. its function is to both ward off evil spirits and to attract benevolent ones. The monkey plays a significant role in the protection by symbolically floating in the womb of the nature spirit. The carving is representative of a Tree of Life motif. And is also a symbol for the human soul after liberation from the physical body.
Essential to the shamanic traditions of the Vietnamese is the ability to read and write Chinese. A requisite, extensive knowledge of Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Animism and Ancestor worship make the shaman’s training a long and rigorous process. They must draw on a complex base of philosophies and abilities which include the use of scroll paintings, ritual texts, and prints. The shaman use a collection of specific objects and instruments to aid them in entering the realm of the spirits. They wear intricately crafted robes designed for women, who were the original healers – before the demands of child rearing caused a gradual shift to a predominantly male profession. The elaborate imagery embroidered on the robes represents the universe with all its deities. Shaman wrap themselves in this ‘Universe’ for protection during rituals, in which they negotiate directly with supernatural beings – both good, and evil. Shaman are the cornerstones of culture and society in Vietnam and Thailand. They care for both rich and poor, and preside over individual and community events and celebrations. (please keep checking as we add to this Vietnam post)
Shaman Paintings (set – 15 banners), Thailand (Vietnamese Yap people), Mid to late 20th c, Cotton, pigment
Shamans derive spiritual power from these paintings. When hung around the room in specifically arranged layouts, they effectively become the spirit world they represent and, like a portal, the shaman can then enter that realm. The ritual texts allow him/her to communicate directly with the deities and ancestors to negotiate and treat diseases and other things that have become out of balance. An essential set of three basic painting panels is the minimum requirement for a a newly initiated shaman. Full sets, required for many rituals, can range from 17 paintings to more than 27. An example of a ritual requiring a full set would be one performed to liberate souls of the dead from Hell to be reborn into Heaven. The panels depicting the 10 Kings of the underworld are hung around the main room of a house. The shaman enters a trance, thereby entering Hell, and chants a ritual that will save the soul of the recently dead. 42” x 16” (15 pcs $6200.) Or $425 for a single individual banner. *Please scroll to bottom of this post for detailed images of each of the large 42″ x 16″ banners above.
Detail of Shaman Paintings/Banners
In addition to the previous set (previous image) of 18 large paintings – these are 3 smaller sizes – (3 pcs – 17 ½” x 10″, $170 each); (3 pcs – 10 ½” x 7 ½” , $110 each); (1 piece – 9″ x 80″, $325.) The horizontal one is shown folded. Please contact us for additional images.
Shaman’s Personal Instruction Book, Cao Bang province, Vietnam, Early 20th c, Ink on handmade mulberry paper
Written in Nom (Chinese characters adapted to Vietnamese), books are an integral part of a shaman’s repertoire. They range from explanations of various rituals and use of objects, to astrology, history, songs, laws, etiquette, children’s tales, hunting practices, formulas, spells and Feng Shui. Shaman make their own books to help store their knowledge therefore no two are alike and a high level shaman will have a large library. 9 ½” x 8 ½” x ¾”, $850. (see inside detail below)
Inside Detail of Shaman’s Personal Instruction Book, Cao Bang province, Vietnam, Early 20th c, Ink on handmade mulberry paper (some individual pages below)
Pages from Shaman’s Personal Instructional Book, Cao Bang province, Vietnam, Red Yao people, Early 20th c, Ink on handmade mulberry paper (tapa) (we have 19 individual framed pages), 2 more examples below. If you’d like to see more, please contact us. They are all different!)
Pages from Shaman’s Personal Instructional Book, Cao Bang province, Vietnam, Red Yao people, Early 20th c, Ink on handmade mulberry paper (tapa)
Written in Nom (Chinese characters adapted to Vietnamese), books are an integral part of a shaman’s repertoire. They range from explanations of various rituals and use of objects, to astrology, history, songs, laws, etiquette, children’s tales, hunting practices, formulas, spells and feng shui. Shaman make their own books to help store their knowledge therefore no two are alike and a high level shaman will have a large library. 12” x 11” x ½” (framed), $120. each
Handmade and drawn by the shaman, it depicts prayers, signs, numbers and a deities. The sacred cloth is an undergarment worn as a talisman with great protective power against physical harm, like bullets, spears, knives, wild animals and evil spirits. This one may have been commissioned by a wealthy man who felt he needed protection. Soldiers would also wear these if they could afford one. 21” x 61”, $2900. SOLD
Amulet Yantra Vest, Nong Pho, Thailand, (Vietnamese shaman), Mid to late 19th c. Cotton, pigment (Back view, see front image below)
(Front view) Amulet Yantra Vest, Nong Pho, Thailand, (Vietnamese shaman), Mid to late 19th c. Cotton, pigment
Handmade and drawn by the shaman. It is endowed with prayers, signs, numbers. The sacred cloth is an undergarment worn as a talisman with great protective power against physical harm, like bullets, spears, knives, wild animals and evil spirits. 19” x 22”, $2,900. SOLD
Shaman Instruments, Cymbals, Bells and Flute, Late 19th to early 20th c, wood, metal
Instruments are essential tools for shaman. They create the rhythmic atmosphere that facilitates entering and maintaining the trance state necessary for the shaman to enter the spirit worlds. (Cymbals, Bells, Flute)
Cymbals -;Tuyen Province, Northern Vietnam, Cao Lan People, Late 19th to early 20th c, Bronze. For welcoming divinities and warding off evil beings. Cymbals represent the turtle – legendary hero figures, who are exercised for killing monsters. Dimensions: (small – 3 ½” x 6 ¾’ x 6 ¾”, $400.), (large – 4” x 9 ½ x 9 ½”, $590.) SOLD
Shaman/Buddhist Priest Clapper Bell; Black Yao people, Late 19th c, Metal coin as clapper, The handle is embellished with a human face. Used in religious rituals. Its sound is meant to evoke protective deities and dispel evil spirits. This type of bell is also used during chanting and incantations of mantras. 5” x 2 ½” x 2 ½”, $325. SOLD
Round Finger Bells, Hoa Binh province, Vietnam, H’mong people, Late 19th to early 20th c, Bronze, Placed on one’s finger, the tone can be modified with the palm and remaining fingers. $90. each, (2 ½” x 1” x 1”); (2 ½” x 1” x 1”); (2 ¼” x 1” x 1”). SOLD
Oboe/Flute, Cao Bang province, Red Yao people Early to mid 20th c, Wood, metal, An essential element of the musical ensembles that accompany the shaman’s rituals and performances to help the living and provide salvation for the dead. 19 ¼” x 4” x 4”, $220. SOLD
Shaman’s Court Tablet, or Wand, Vietnam, Yao people, Mid to late 19th c, Wood, finely woven cotton band with glass beads
Potent tool used similarly to a Himalayan Phurba, to direct evil energy away and to summon and control spirits. Text characters are painted onto all sides. 13 ¼” x 16 ½” x ¾”, $650.
Dragon Robe (front), Shaman Priest’s Costume, complete outfit; Robe, Skirt, Belt, (Scarf – see next image), Vietnam, Tao people, Mid 20th c, Cotton, silk embroidery
Worn by shaman priests for all ceremonies. The motif typically includes all the deities of heaven to clothe the shaman in the protection of the universe. Not a vain adornment, it is a reminder of man’s place in the hierarchical order. Long ago shamans were women and men the providers. Not being encumbered by childbirth and child rearing, men gradually replaced women as shaman but the sacred costume remained the same. This type of headpiece/scarf (image below) is worn by postulant or newly ordained shaman. High level priests will wear a hat made of human hair. Dimensions (49” x 42” robe); (35” x 26” skirt); (106” x 3” belt); (118” x 9 ½” scarf – below), $3900 full costume.
Shaman’s Ritual Costume Headscarf (from full costume – see above image)
Shaman Hat, Vietnam, Feng Yuan Fa people, Late 19th c, Human hair, pigment
Hats are a crucial part of the shaman’s costume. Hats made from human hair are worn only by high level priests. Postulants and newly ordained shaman wear a cotton and silk head scarf. Human hair strands are twisted together to make thicker ones, dyed dark brown and woven into patterns. They are very difficult to make but are durable and last a long time. The symbol for good luck symbol is woven into the front of the hat and the shaman’s name into back. 9” x 10” x 2”, $675.
Dragon Robe/Ritual Cloak (back), Vietnam, Late 19th to early 20th c, Dao Lan-Tien people, Early 20th century, Cotton dyed with local indigo, hand embroidered with silk
Worn only by high level shaman. The use of expensive and difficult to obtain brighter European dyes indicates an exceptional piece. The motif typically includes all the deities of heaven to clothe the shaman in the protection of the universe. Not a vain adornment, it is a reminder of man’s place in the hierarchical order. Originally a female costume. Long ago shamans were women and men the providers. Not being encumbered by childbirth and rearing, men replaces women as shamans but retained this part of the sacred costume. *more detailed information available. 45” x 26”, $2900. (front view below) SOLD
Dragon Robe Ritual Costume, Front view of previous Robe.
Shaman’s ‘Pan Hung’ Wand, Quang Ninh province, Vietnam, San Diu people, Early to mid 20th c, Wood with red pigment
Pan Hung is a Taoist mythical, composite beast, usually a varied mixture of Dragon, Tiger and Dog. This particular wand is dominantly Dragon. It is typically used for calling spiritual powers and for fending off evil spirits – especially at funeral rites, and to wave over items to be burned as offerings to the ancestors. The slot on the underside is for mounting on a wall when not in use. 3” x 1” x 8”, $375.
Shaman’s ‘Pan Hung’, Wand, Vietnam, Black Yao people, Early to mid 20th c, Wood, pigment
Pan Hung is a varied mythical, composite beast: Dragon, Tiger, Dog. It is typically used for calling spiritual powers and for fending off evil spirits – especially at funeral rites, and to wave over items to be burned as offerings to the ancestors. (small – Early 20th c, 2 ½” x 1 ¾” x 5”, $340.); (large – Mid 20th c, 3 ½” x 1 ½” x 6 ¼”, $240.)
Shaman’s ‘Pan Hung’ Cat Wand, Northern Vietnam, Tay people, Mid to late 19th c, Wood with smooth patina from use and age
Pan Hung is a Taoist mythical, varied, composite beast: Dragon, Tiger, Dog. It is typically used for calling spiritual powers and for fending off evil spirits – especially at funeral rites, and to wave over items to be burned as offerings to the ancestors. 2 ¼” x 1 ¼” x 4”, $190. SOLD
Shaman’s ‘Pan Hung’ Wand, Dong Hy district, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam, Nung people, Late 19th to early 20th c, Wood, pigment
Pan Hung is a Taoist mythical, composite beast: Dragon, Tiger, Dog. This particular wand is dominantly Dragon. It is typically used for calling spiritual powers and for fending off evil spirits, especially at funeral rites, and to wave over items to be burned as offerings to the ancestors. The slot on the underside is for mounting on a wall when not in use. 3 ¾” x 1 14” x 18”, $800.
Sacred Unicorn (Kỳ lân) Panel (rare), Vietnam, Bac Ninh province, Mid 19th c, Red cotton textile with hand embroidered silk and precious-metal-wrapped thread
One of the four sacred animals, the unicorn symbolizes purity, happiness and wealth. If the unicorn appears, many good things will happen. It is often hung over the altar table in pagodas, temples or in homes of traditional families. Its strength and faithful nature are desirable for guarding temples and places of worship. Almost all of these pieces from this time period are portrayed in blue, cream and metallic color schemes. Because of its coloring, this panel is unusual and particularly desirable. 15 ½” x 17 ½” x ¾”, $590.
Zhu Zhong Fan, Shaman Priest Altar Figures, Vietnam, Yao people, Mid to late 19th c, Wood, pigment
Kept in a Shaman’s home. Part of the items required to contact the spirit world. Every shaman has a set of three ‘Zhu Zhong Fan’ figures. They are: ‘To Sai’ – an ancestor shaman priest figure; ‘Nyut Hung’ – a seated Mandarin or God figure; and ‘Khong Zhao’ – a protecting officer or messenger to the gods. He is always mounted and brandishing a sword or pennant. They are only sacred once they are gifted with a soul. A ceremony is performed calling for the deity or ancestor to enter the figure. A piece of silver and some threads are placed in a secret hole in the back and sealed up. This is where the soul resides. When the figure is given away or sold the silver is removed rendering the figure inert and no longer sacred. (left – ‘Nyut Hung’ figure, 8” x 4 ¼” x 2 ½”, $650); (middle – ‘Khong Zhao’ figure, 11” x 4” x 6 ¾”, $900.); (right – ‘To Sai’ figure,7” x 3 ¼” x 2 ½”, $650).
Shaman’s Costume Tunic and Belt, Vietnam, Yao people, Late 19th c, Cotton, indigo, silk embroidery
Worn only by high level shaman. The motif typically includes all the deities of heaven to clothe the shaman in the protection of the universe. Not a vain adornment, it is a reminder of man’s place in the hierarchical order. Originally a female costume. Long ago shamans were women and men the providers. Not being encumbered by childbirth and rearing, men replaces women as shamans but retained this part of the sacred costume. *more information available. 47” x 27 ½” x 3”, $3100.
Shamanic Belt with 12 Handkerchiefs, Da Bac district, Hoa Binh province, Vietnam, Tight Trouser Dao people, Early to mid 20th c, Cotton, hand embroidered with silk
Worn by shaman while performing religious rituals. A complete belt would have a minimum of 12 handkerchiefs (embroidered squares). The belt is passed down through generations, revealing its history. If a shaman has two sons or apprentices, he will spit the belt and the new shaman’s wife would make the other necessary handkerchiefs. Several generations are represented in this belt. 75” x 18” x 2 ½”, $775.
Handkerchief/Panel from a Shamanic Belt, Da Bac district, Hoa Binh province, Vietnam, Tight Trouser Dao people, Early to mid 20th c, Cotton, hand embroidered with silk
Worn by shaman while performing religious rituals. A complete belt would have a minimum of 12 squares (handkerchiefs). The belt is passed down through generations, revealing its history. $75. to $90.
Shaman’s Personal Knife and Sheath, Vietnam, Yao people, Late 19th c, Metal, horn
Used in sacred rituals. 10” x 1 ½” x 1”, $580.
Shaman Medicine Flask, Thailand/Vietnam, Yao people, Early to mid 20th c, Wood, bamboo
To carry medicinal remedies used in healing rituals, 10” x 4” x 2 ½”, $420.
Shaman Printing Block, Tuyen Quang province, Vietnam, Mid 20th c.
Printing blocks are important shaman tools for creating talismans and ghost money to burn as offerings to deities. They were stamped on paper or on envelopes to mark the contents as holy. (Top – 2 ¼” x ½’ x 5’, $110.); (Bottom, 1 ¾” x 6 ¼” x 1”, $90.) see image below for example of a print
Shamanic Print – Flying Horse, Vietnam, Thai Nguyen province, San Diu people, Contemporary, Pigment printed on handmade ‘Do’ paper
Print from a hand carved shamanic printing block (see previous image). The print would be burned for carrying a message to deities for protecting people against evil spirits. ‘Do’ paper is made from the bark of Rhamnoneuron balansae tree. This one is for a variety of ceremonies: initiation of a shaman; fending off evil spirits; building a house or farm structure, 6 ¼” x 7 ¼” x ¾”, SOLD
Shamanic Print – Man Loading a Horse, Vietnam, Thai Nguyen province, San Diu people,Contemporary, Pigment printed on handmade ‘Do’ paper
This print is for worshiping the stars in an effort to relieve someone’s run of bad luck, 7” x 10 ¾” x ¾”, SOLD
Shamanic Print – Tiger, Vietnam, Dao Lo Gang people, Contemporary, Pigment printed on handmade ‘Do’ paper, 8″ x 12″ x 3/4″, $55.
Shamanic Print, Man with Horse / Man with Bird, Vietnam, Hoa Binh province,Dao Quan Chet people, Contemporary, Pigment printed on handmade paper, 7″ x 10 3/4″ x 3/4″, $55.
Shaman’s Personal Stamp ‘Chop’, Northern Thailand, Mid to late 20th c, Wood, pigment
Important tool for a shaman. They are unique to a particular shaman and used as a mark of authenticity. They would be placed on a message from one shaman to another, to the deities or into the shaman’s book. $50./$60. each – Dimensions left to right: (left -2 ¾” x 2 ¼” x 3 ½”, $60.); (middle – 2 ¾” x 2” x 2 ¾”, $50.); (right – 2 ¾” x 1 ¾” x 2 ¾”, $50.)
Shaman Bag, Yao people, Late 19th to early mid c., Cotton and silk
Shaman use a bag or purse to keep and carry magic ritual items. 8” x 15” x ½”, $70.
Shaman Bag, Vietnam, Yao people, Early to mid 20th c, Cotton
Bag or Purse to carry magic ritual items, 11” x 17” x ½”, $120.
Ritual Dagger with Rattle, Vietnam, Yao people, Late 19th c, Iron, coins, cloth
These commanding rattle daggers are the most common ritual weapon used by a shaman priest. Similar in function to swords, they fend off evil spirits when shaken. The red streamers attract cosmic energy to empower it. The coin-laden top is still wound with red streamers from the ceremony it was last used in. Dimensions (left – 15” x 6 ¼” x 4 ½”, $350 SOLD); (right – 16 ½” x 5 ½” x 5”, $350. SOLD)
Ritual Sword, Tuyen Quang province, Vietnam, Yao people, Early 20th c, Iron blade, aluminum bands, wood handle, metal coins
An essential item for any Yao shaman ritual. Used to summon gods and goddesses and to punish disobedient spirits. Harmless to mortals, but a formidable weapon when shaken against evil spirits. This is a male sword – top detail differs on female swords. $295. each, Dimensions left to right, (left – 15 ¼” x 3 ¼” x 1” SOLD); (middle – 15 ¼” x 3 ¼” x 1” SOLD); (right -13 ¾” x 3” x 1”)
Ritual Dragon Knife, Vietnam, San Diu people Early 20th c, Iron
Ritual Dragon Knife, Vietnam, San Diu people Early 20th c, Iron, patinated with use and age, Used in rituals to subdue evil forces. (small – 12” x 3 ¾” x 1 ¼”, $270.); (large – 13 ¾” x 4 ½” x 1 ¾”, $270.)
Shaman’s Amulet Cloth, Vietnam , Yao people, Early 20th c, Cotton with pigment, 13″ x 14′, $190.
Shaman’s Amulet Cloth, Vietnam , Yao people, Early 20th c., Cotton with pigment, 13″ x 14″, $190.
Shaman’s Amulet Cloth, Vietnam, Yao people, Early 20th c., Cotton with pigment, 13” x 15”, $160″
Shaman’s Amulet Cloth, Vietnam, Late 19th to early 20th c, Cotton, 36″ x 50″
Worn only by high level shaman. The motif typically includes all the deities of heaven to clothe the shaman in the protection of the universe. Not a vain adornment, it is a reminder of man’s place in the hierarchical order. Originally a female costume. Long ago shamans were women and men the providers. Not being encumbered by childbirth and rearing, men replaces women as shamans but retained this part of the sacred costume. 34” x 24”, $2800.
Worn only by high level priest/shaman. The motif typically includes all the deities of heaven to clothe the shaman in the universe for protection. Not a vain adornment, it is a reminder of man’s place in the hierarchical order. Originally a female costume. Long ago shamans were women and men the providers. Not being encumbered by childbirth and rearing, men replaces women as shamans but retained this part of the sacred costume. 49” x 29”, $2200. (see below for back view)
Dragon Robe/Ritual Cloak, Vietnam, (back view of previous image) Yao people, Mid 20th c, Cotton, indigo, silk embroidery
Dragon Robe/Ritual Cloak (front), Vietnam, Tao people, Early to mid 20th c, Cotton, silk embroidery – front view, 48″ x 39″, $2700, (see below for back veiw)
Dragon Robe/Ritual Cloak (back view, see previous image for front view)
Yin Yang Divination Blocks, Vietnam, Early 20th c, Bamboo
These pairs of blocks are used by shaman to get answers to questions and requests. They are round on the yin side and flat on the yang side. They are thrown like dice. The answer is determined by the configuration of how they land: 1 yin and 1 yang side up = YES; Both the same side up = NO (also typically made of wood or horn) $175 each set. Dimensions: (right – 5” x 1 ¾” x 1 ½”); (left – 4 ¾” x 1 ½” x 1 ½”)
Pages from a Shamanic Book, Vietnam, Cao Lan people, Mid 20th c, Ink and watercolor handwritten on Mulberry paper
It is a book for making astrological predictions using the East Asian zodiac’s twelve animal characters. The text of the book uses images, maps and text to describe in detail, for the learned shaman, how to navigate this complex system of looking into the future. 12” x 17 ¾” x ¾”, $260.
Shaman’s Personal Instruction Book, Cao Bang province, Vietnam Red Yao people, Early 20th c, Ink on handmade mulberry paper
Written in Nom (Chinese characters adapted to Vietnamese), books are an integral part of a shaman’s repertoire. They range from explanations of various rituals and use of objects, to astrology, history, songs, laws, etiquette, children’s tales, hunting practices, formulas, spells and Feng Shui. Shaman make their own books to help store their knowledge therefore no two are alike and a high level shaman will have a large library. 9 ½” x 8 ½” x ¾”, $850.
Shaman’s Personal Instructional Book, China, Yunnan Shui people, Early 20th c, Paper, ink, pigment
Scripted by the shaman, on handmade paper, to record all his knowledge and to instruct future shaman, 9” x 6 ¼” 1”, $750. (see below for inside detail)
Inside detail of Shaman’s Personal Instructional Book, China
Ceremonial Masks, Vietnam/Thailand, Early 20th c, Pigment (ink and watercolor) on handmade paper
Paper masks are required possessions for shaman. Usually tied to the forehead, they are worn during certain rituals to impersonate deities. A shaman will have a full set of twenty seven. Only female shaman can wear masks of female deities. 11 ¼” x 9 ¾” x ¾” (framed) $240 each
Horn for Drinking Spirits, Vietnam, Nghe An province, Thai people, Mid 20th c, Water Buffalo Horn
(horizontal – 11 ¾” x 2 ¼” x 5”, $160.); (vertical – 12” x 3 ¼” x 2 ¼”, $160.)
Shamanic Culture, Tribal Art, Healing and Magic converge in an unmatched, museum quality collection of over 300 shaman pieces from across SE Asia. We had an opening extravaganza to debut the rare amulets, instruments and costumes, acquired over the last 15 years.
It took months to research the individual pieces that represent many different, ancient healing cultures from South East Asia – Nepal, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Nagaland (India) and across the 17,000 Islands of Indonesia. Some of the pieces have been passed down through generations of healers and date back 400 years. Please inquire for a tour of the magical mystery pieces! If you have the time to browse, we learned a lot and would love to share all the intriguing histories.
For continuity, we have grouped the blog entries by country and culture. Check back as we continue to add a full listing and photographs of all pieces in the original exhibition.
It took months to research the individual pieces that represent many different, ancient healing cultures from South East Asia – Nepal, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Nagaland (India) and across the 17,000 Islands of Indonesia. Some of the pieces have been passed down through generations of healers and date back 400 years. Please inquire for a tour of the magical mystery pieces! If you have the time to browse, we learned a lot and would love to share all the intriguing histories.